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BACKGROUND@#Breast cancer patients who are positive for hormone receptor typically exhibit a favorable prognosis. It is controversial whether chemotherapy is necessary for them after surgery. Our study aimed to establish a multigene model to predict the relapse of hormone receptor-positive early-stage Chinese breast cancer after surgery and direct individualized application of chemotherapy in breast cancer patients after surgery.@*METHODS@#In this study, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between relapse and nonrelapse breast cancer groups based on RNA sequencing. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to identify potential relapse-relevant pathways. CIBERSORT and Microenvironment Cell Populations-counter algorithms were used to analyze immune infiltration. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, log-rank tests, and multiple Cox regression were performed to identify prognostic signatures. A predictive model was developed and validated based on Kaplan-Meier analysis, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC).@*RESULTS@#A total of 234 out of 487 patients were enrolled in this study, and 1588 DEGs were identified between the relapse and nonrelapse groups. GSEA results showed that immune-related pathways were enriched in the nonrelapse group, whereas cell cycle- and metabolism-relevant pathways were enriched in the relapse group. A predictive model was developed using three genes ( CKMT1B , SMR3B , and OR11M1P ) generated from the LASSO regression. The model stratified breast cancer patients into high- and low-risk subgroups with significantly different prognostic statuses, and our model was independent of other clinical factors. Time-dependent ROC showed high predictive performance of the model.@*CONCLUSIONS@#A multigene model was established from RNA-sequencing data to direct risk classification and predict relapse of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer in Chinese patients. Utilization of the model could provide individualized evaluation of chemotherapy after surgery for breast cancer patients.
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Humans , Female , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , East Asian People , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics , Breast , Algorithms , Chronic Disease , Prognosis , Tumor MicroenvironmentABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a key biomarker for cancer immunotherapy and prognosis. Integration of MSI testing into a next-generation-sequencing (NGS) panel could save tissue sample, reduce turn-around time and cost, and provide MSI status and comprehensive genomic profiling in single test. We aimed to develop an MSI calling model to detect MSI status along with the NGS panel-based profiling test using tumor-only samples.@*METHODS@#From January 2019 to December 2020, a total of 174 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients were enrolled, including 31 MSI-high (MSI-H) and 143 microsatellite stability (MSS) cases. Among them, 56 paired tumor and normal samples (10 MSI-H and 46 MSS) were used for modeling, and another 118 tumor-only samples were used for validation. MSI polymerase chain reaction (MSI-PCR) was performed as the gold standard. A baseline was built for the selected microsatellite loci using the NGS data of 56 normal blood samples. An MSI detection model was constructed by analyzing the NGS data of tissue samples. The performance of the model was compared with the results of MSI-PCR.@*RESULTS@#We first intersected the target genomic regions of the NGS panels used in this study to select common microsatellite loci. A total of 42 loci including 23 mononucleotide repeat sites and 19 longer repeat sites were candidates for modeling. As mononucleotide repeat sites are more sensitive and specific for detecting MSI status than sites with longer length motif and the mononucleotide repeat sites performed even better than the total sites, a model containing 23 mononucleotide repeat sites was constructed and named Colorectal Cancer Microsatellite Instability test (CRC-MSI). The model achieved 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity when compared with MSI-PCR in both training and validation sets. Furthermore, the CRC-MSI model was robust with the tumor content as low as 6%. In addition, 8 out of 10 MSI-H samples showed alternations in the four mismatch repair genes ( MLH1 , MSH2 , MSH6 , and PMS2 ).@*CONCLUSION@#MSI status can be accurately determined along the targeted NGS panels using only tumor samples. The performance of mononucleotide repeat sites surpasses loci with longer repeat motif in MSI calling.
Subject(s)
Humans , Microsatellite Instability , Colorectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Microsatellite Repeats/genetics , DNA Mismatch RepairABSTRACT
Under the background of "Internet+Healthcare", the iterative development and large-scale application of new technologies have brought great impact on doctor-patient relationship, and promoted the harmonious development of doctor-patient relationship to a certain extent. By analyzing the impact of "Internet+Healthcare" on doctor-patient relationship, this paper proposed to deepen the patient-centered doctor-patient relationship model, enhance the efficiency of doctor-patient communication and improve communication channels between doctors and patients, strengthen the supervision of internet medical information, and call on new media to actively promote the development of doctor-patient relationship.
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Objectives:To investigate the risk factors associated with carotid atherosclerosis based on a retrospective longitudinal monitoring cohort study of healthy subjects during physical examinations.Methods:From 2005 to 2019, a total of 3 344 healthy adults who received at least five routine physical examinations at the Beijing Physical Examination Center and had no carotid atherosclerosis for the first time were selected as the research objects, including 1 714 males (51.25%).The average age of the male and female participants was 47.14 and 47.56 years old, respectively. A retrospective longitudinal monitoring cohort was established and the incidence of carotid atherosclerosis was documented during the follow-up. A Cox regression model was used to analyze the risk factors related to carotid atherosclerosis.Results:At the follow-up of 5.17 years, 2 038 patients had developed carotid atherosclerosis (60.94%, 66.69% in males and 54.91% in females). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that advanced age (>60 years old, HR=18.973, 95% CI: 12.353-29.139), female ( HR=0.639, 95% CI: 0.582-0.701), hypertension ( HR=1.166, 95% CI: 1.047-1.298), and low estimated glomerular filtration rate ( HR=1.011, 95% CI: 1.009-1.013) were associated with the onset of carotid atherosclerosis. Conclusions:The main factors influencing the development of carotid atherosclerosis included age, sex, blood pressure, and estimated glomerular filtration rate.
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Proteolysis targeting chimeria (PROTAC) degrades target proteins by utilizing the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, subverting the concept of traditional small molecule inhibitors. Among the common mutation targets of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), PROTAC technology has successfully achieved the effective degradation of kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK ) and other proteins in preclinical studies. PROTAC drugs with their unique event-driven advantages, are expected to overcome acquired drug resistance caused by small molecule inhibitors and show good therapeutic potential for undruggable targets, thereby providing a new strategy for the treatment of NSCLC. .
Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Mutation , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Proteolysis , Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/geneticsABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze the effect of home quarantine on blood glucose and lipids in healthy adults during the COVID-19 epidemic times.Method:From April 7, 2020 to May 1, 2020, 512 adults wereexamined in Beijing physical examination center, of which 87 adults aged olderthan 18, received community closed management or home quarantine from January 23, 2020 to March 30, 2020, and theadultshad physical examination in Beijing physical examination center in the same month of 2018 and 2019 were selected as controls. The change trend of blood glucose and blood lipid acrossthe three years was analyzed by one-way repeated measurement of variance, and the difference of blood lipid and blood glucose between two years of physical examination was further analyzed by Bonferroni method. Datawereanalyzed by gender.Result:Among the 87 subjects, 36 (41.4%) were male and 51(58.6%) were female. The average age was (46.3±13.2) years and ranged from 24 to 74. The difference of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) among 2018, 2019 and 2020 was statistically significant (all P<0.05), while differences in LDL-C, TC and FBG were statistically significant for males (all P<0.05) and HDL-C, LDL-C, TC and FBG were statistically significant for females (all P<0.05). HDL-C in 2018and 2020were significantly lower than that in 2019 [(1.27±0.29), (1.30±0.31) vs. (1.36±0.34) mmol/L], LDL-C in 2020was significantly higher than that in 2018and 2019 [(3.11±0.88) vs. (2.81±0.77), (2.84±0.71) mmol/L], TG in 2020 was significantly higher than that in 2019[(1.54±1.17) vs. (1.32±0.80) mmol/L], TC in 2019and 2020were significantly higher than that in 2018 [(4.88±0.94), (5.10±0.99) vs. (4.63±0.90) mmol/L], and the FBG in 2019and 2020were significantly lower than that in 2018 [(5.34±1.17), (5.44±1.58) vs. (5.84±1.70) mmol/L] (all P<0.05). The comparative analysis of men and women showed that the means of LDL-C, TG, TC and FBG of men were higher than those of women while the mean of HDL-C was lower than that of women in each year; compared with 2019, the increase of LDL-C and TC of men was obvious while the decrease of HDL-C of women was obvious (all P<0.05) in 2020. Conclusion:During the epidemic period of COVID-19, the home quarantine has adverse effects on blood glucose and lipid.
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In October 2016, a male patient attacked by a black bear was treated in the Department of Plastic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University.The patient had facial skin and soft tissue defects, and zygomatic arch and buccal damage. The patient received three operations, including debridement, scapular free skin flap transplantation, and reconstruction of zygomatic arch. The facial appearance recovered well after 6-months follow-up.
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Objective@#To explore the characteristics of auditory steady state evoked responses (ASSR) and auditory brainstem response (ABR) in noise-induced hearing loss population and the relationship between the response threshold of corresponding frequency and pure tone audiometry (PTA) .@*Methods@#Noise-induced hearing loss patients who completed subjective and objective audiometry in our hospital from October 2014 to October 2018 were collected. The results of PTA, ABR, ASSR and the correlation between subjective and objective audiometry were discussed.@*Results@#A total of 381 ears of 193 patients were enrolled. The difference of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 kHz between ASSR threshold and PTA was 5.9, 6.9, 11.8 and 1.8 dB, respectively. The correlation coefficients were 0.638, 0.680, 0.657 and 0.608. The difference of 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 kHz between ABR threshold and PTA was 44.2, 35.0, 19.0 and 2.0 dB. With the increase of frequency, the threshold difference between ABRt V wave and PTA decreased gradually.@*Conclusion@#ASSR and ABR response thresholds are valuable in subjective assessment on noise-induced hearing loss. The thresholds of ASSR and ABR at 4 kHz are close to those of PTA.
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Objective@#To evaluate the safety and therapeutic efficacy of clinical pathways(CP)for cerebral infarction in patients aged 75 years and above.@*Methods@#A cohort of 363 cerebral infarction patients aged 75 years and above after excluding clinical variants were recruited from January 2016 to June 2018 at the neurology department of Nanyang City Center Hospital.Patients were randomly divided into the CP group(n=184)and the control group(n=179). The day-90 modified Rankin scale score(mRS), mortality, incidences of complications, length of hospital stay, total hospital costs and drug costs were compared between the two groups.@*Results@#The proportion of patients with mRS 0-1 was higher in the CP group than in the control group(77.2% or 142/184 vs.55.3% or 99/179, χ2=19.443, P=0.000). The incidences of pulmonary infection(23.9%, 44/184)and deep venous thrombosis(14.7%, 27/184)were lower in the CP group than in the control group(42.5%, 76/179 & 29.1%, 52/179; χ2=14.101, 11.014, P=0.000, 0.001). There was a significant difference in mortality between the two groups[4.9%(9/184)vs.11.2%(20/179), χ2=4.871, P=0.027]. There was no significant difference in the other incidences of complications between the groups(P>0.05). Hospital stay length(18.3±2.9) d, total cost(2.72±0.42)×104 yuan, and drug cost(0.87±0.29)×104 yuan in the clinical pathway group were lower than those in the control group[(22.8±4.4)d, (3.55±0.81)×104 yuan, (1.42±0.29)×104 yuan](t=11.546, 12.168 and 18.335, all P=0.000).@*Conclusions@#The adoption of clinical pathways can improve medical quality, shorten hospitalization days and reduce hospitalization costs and medical costs in elderly patients with cerebral infarction.
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Objective@#To observe the effectiveness of mini-clinical evaluation exercise (Mini-CEX) on the standardized training of residents in the department of nephrology.@*Methods@#Mini-CEX was used to evaluate the 80 residents who received clinical standardized training in the department of nephrology from March 2017 to March 2018 in our hospital. The assessment mainly contained seven aspects: medical history taking, physical examination, clinical diagnosis, therapeutic regimen, doctor-patient communication, humanistic care, and overall clinical ability. Meanwhile, a Mini-CEX questionnaire was conducted among 9 teachers and 80 residents, including their viewpiont and satisfaction degree on Mini-CEX. The SPSS 21.0 was used for statistical analysis and the independent sample t-test was used for comparison between the two groups.@*Results@#Through the Mini-CEX assessment, every aspect of clinical competence of residents at the end of this program was significantly higher than that at the early period, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The most obvious improvement in residents was their treatment plan, overall clinical ability and physical examination. About the assessment of therapeutic regimen, the average score at the end of the training was (7.525±1.062), which was better than before (5.175±1.035), and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.000). Besides, clinical diagnosis and humanistic care were significantly better than those at the beginning (P<0.05). About the assessment of clinical diagnosis, the average score after the training was (6.925±1.071), which was better than before (5.425±1.238), and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.000). According to results of Mini-CEX questionnaire, teachers thought that Mini-CEX was a better way of assessment (88.9%) and could promote self-learning (77.8%), while residents believed that Mini-CEX was close to clinical practice and the ward-or-practice-based assessment was relatively comprehensive, which could significantly improve clinical skills (85.0%) and comprehensive quality (87.5%), with a satisfaction degree of 92.5%.@*Conclusion@#Mini-CEX is applied in the standardized training of residents in the department of nephrology, which can effectively improve clinical comprehensive ability of residents and improve Self-learning of teachers.
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Objective To evaluate the safety and therapeutic efficacy of clinical pathways(CP) for cerebral infarction in patients aged 75 years and above.Methods A cohort of 363 cerebral infarction patients aged 75 years and above after excluding clinical variants were recruited from January 2016 to June 2018 at the neurology department of Nanyang City Center Hospital.Patients were randomly divided into the CP group(n=184)and the control group(n=179).The day-90 modified Rankin scale score(mRS),mortality,incidences of complications,length of hospital stay,total hospital costs and drug costs were compared between the two groups.Results The proportion of patients with mRS 0-1 was higher in the CP group than in the control group(77.2％ or 142/184 vs.55.3％ or 99/179,x2=19.443,P =0.000).The incidences of pulmonary infection(23.9％,44/184)and deep venous thrombosis(14.7 ％,27/184)were lower in the CP group than in the control group(42.5 ％,76/179 & 29.1％,52/179;x2 =14.101,11.014,P=0.000,0.001).There was a significant difference in mortality between the two groups[4.9％ (9/184)vs.11.2％ (20/179),x2 =4.871,P =0.027].There was no significant difference in the other incidences of complications between the groups(P ＞ 0.05).Hospital stay length (18.3 ± 2.9) d,total cost (2.72 ± 0.42) × 104 yuan,and drug cost (0.87±0.29)× 104yuan in the clinical pathway group were lower than those in the control group [(22.8±4.4)d,(3.55±0.81) × 104 yuan,(1.42±0.29) × 104 yuan](t =11.546,12.168 and 18.335,all P =0.000).Conclusions The adoption of clinical pathways can improve medical quality,shorten hospitalization days and reduce hospitalization costs and medical costs in elderly patients with cerebral infarction.
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Objective To observe the effectiveness of mini-clinical evaluation exercise (Mini-CEX) on the standardized training of residents in the department of nephrology. Methods Mini-CEX was used to evaluate the 80 residents who received clinical standardized training in the department of nephrology from March 2017 to March 2018 in our hospital. The assessment mainly contained seven aspects: medical history taking, physical examination, clinical diagnosis, therapeutic regimen, doctor-patient communication, humanistic care, and overall clinical ability. Meanwhile, a Mini-CEX questionnaire was conducted among 9 teachers and 80 residents, including their viewpiont and satisfaction degree on Mini-CEX. The SPSS 21.0 was used for statistical analysis and the independent sample t-test was used for comparison between the two groups. Results Through the Mini-CEX assessment, every aspect of clinical competence of residents at the end of this program was significantly higher than that at the early period, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The most obvious improvement in residents was their treatment plan, overall clinical ability and physical examination. About the assessment of therapeutic regimen, the average score at the end of the training was (7.525 ±1.062), which was better than before (5.175 ±1.035), and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.000). Besides, clinical diagnosis and humanistic care were significantly better than those at the beginning (P<0.05). About the assessment of clinical diagnosis, the average score after the training was (6.925 ±1.071), which was better than before (5.425 ±1.238), and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.000). According to results of Mini-CEX questionnaire, teachers thought that Mini-CEX was a better way of assessment (88.9％) and could promote self-learning (77.8％), while residents believed that Mini-CEX was close to clinical practice and the ward-or-practice-based assessment was relatively comprehensive, which could significantly improve clinical skills (85.0％) and comprehensive quality (87.5％), with a satisfaction degree of 92.5％. Conclusion Mini-CEX is applied in the standardized training of residents in the department of nephrology, which can effectively improve clinical comprehensive ability of residents and improve Self-learning of teachers.
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Objective To explore the methods and means to improve standardized management of regional quality control using quantitative indicators and information technology.Method The Quality Management and Control Indicators for Beijing health and medical institutions were converted into secondary and tertiary entries for quantitative scoring in accordance with the principles of standardization and management in the Integrated Management System of Health Examination under the regional information platform (Beijing Physical Examination Information Platform).APP was downloaded and applied in the on-site quality inspection.The data were obtained in paper forms completed on-site at 185 medical institutions with valid quality inspection scores in Beijing in 2014 and from the 2016 Beijing medical institutions' physical examination quality inspection.The inclusion criteria were as follows:185 institutions were divided into three groups (Level 3,Level 2,Level 1 and below),and each group was further divided into three subgroups with scores of 0-360,361-480,and 481-600;a total of 63 institutions were randomly selected from seven subgroups.Experts used the Integrated Management System of Health Examination Quality Control mobile app for the inspection.The two data groups were compared to check for quality improvement and the consistency of the quality inspection experts.Results The total quality score of medical institutions at Level 1 and below in 2016 (510.02±42.95) was higher than that in 2014 (483.16±79.06),and the difference was statistically significant (t=2.431,P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between Level 2 and Level 3 medical institutions in 2014 and 2016.The scores of institutions at different levels are higher in the laboratory internal quality control and external quality assessment,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05),whereas the score of physical health examination quality management organization only improved in the medical institutions at Level 1 and below,with statistically significant difference (P＜0.05).The changes of scores in the consistency of quality inspection experts was reduced after the application of the system,and the difference in institutions at Level 3 and Level 1 and below was statistically significant (P＜0.05),while not statistically significant in institutions at Level 2 (P=0.840).Conclusion Quantitative indicators and information technology are effective in regional standardized management of physical examination quality,and worthy of further exploration.
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Objective@#To summarize the clinical characteristics of occupational asthma and provide a basis for revising the diagnosis of occupational asthma in China.@*Methods@#Taking "occupational asthma" , "occupational bronchial asthma" and "bronchial provocation test at work site" as key words, the case reports of occupational asthma in China were retrieved. The general data, latent period, allergen, clinical manifestation, and diagnostic methods were analyzed.@*Results@#A total 318 cases from 14 published literatures were reported.The incidence of male and female is basically similar. The average age of onset is 38 years, and the latent period is from 2 months to 19 years. The top 3 allergens were isocyanates, penicillin and cephalosporins, formaldehyde. During the diagnosis process, 48.8% of the patients were diagnosed by bronchial provocation test, and 19 cases were diagnosed according to the specific IgE antibody. Only 1 case was diagnosed according to the specific skin test.@*Conclusion@#The etiological diagnosis of occupational asthma is not easy. Nearly half of the patients in our country have been diagnosed as occupational asthma by bronchial provocation test at work site. How to identify the relationship between occupational exposure and the occurrence of asthma is one of the main problems we need to solve.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of loganic acid and isoscoparin in Sanwei longdanhua tablets. METHODS:HPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on Inertsil ODS-3 column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.2% phosphoric acid (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 240 nm,and column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS:The linear range were 0.040 08-4.008 0 μg(r＝0.999 9)for loganic acid and 0.021 96-2.196 0 μg(r＝0.999 9)for isoscoparin. The quantitative limits were 0.160 32 and 0.087 8 ng/mL,and detection limits were 0.080 16 and 0.043 92 ng/mL. RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2%. The recoveries were 103.07%-104.26%(RSD＝0.52%,n＝6) and 95.57%-99.61%(RSD＝1.55%,n＝6). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate and suitable for simultaneous determination of loganic acid and isoscoparin in Sanwei longdanhua tablets.
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Objective To investigate the effect of daily behavior,life habits,mental status of the resident population in Beijing City on thyroid nodules.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted using stratified sampling method to investigate the resident population in physical examination organization of Xicheng,Chaoyang,Mentougou and Shunyi districts,who lived in Beijing for more than 15 years,ages between 45-50 years old,and they did not know whether suffered from thyroid nodules.A 1:1 case-control study was used to analyze the relationships between thyroid nodules and mobile phone using time,exercise,sleep and mental stress in males and females.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze relationships between various factors and thyroid nodule in single factor analysis,and if the influence factors in the single factor analysis had statistical significance they will be further analyzed in the multiple factors analysis.Results The total prevalence of thyroid nodules was 35.06％ (331/944),males and females were 27.91％ (144/516) and 43.69％ (187/428),respectively.The prevalence of female was higher than that of male (x2 =25.60,P ＜ 0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that mental stress (males,females:OR =2.106,1.653,95％CI:1.158 ～ 3.831,1.042 ～ 2.622) and using the phone ＞ 3 h (males,females:OR =12.863,5.315,95％CI:1.540 ～ 107.444,1.359 ～ 20.794) were risk factors for thyroid nodules in the male and female populations.Conclusion The occurrence of thyroid nodules maybe related to mental status and using the phone for a long time,but its mechanism needs to be further explored.
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Objective To discuss clinical curative effects of using Forehead skin expansion combine with auricular cartilage for repairing nose alar full-thickness defects.Methods From August 2010 to August 2010,36 patients with nose alar full-thickness defects in the second affiliated hospital of kunmin medical university,The defect range exceed 1.5 cm× 1.2 cm.50-80 ml expander was implanted in forehead and injected saline water to expand in order to acquire extra skin.We Turn around the skin of defect as the lining of nose,harvest ipsilateral auricular cartilage for nose ala framework,Expanded forehead pedicle flap was transferred to cover framework.The donor area was sutured directly.The pedicle of flap was cut and trimmed after 2 months.Results Follow-up time of 3-18 months after the operation,All flaps are survive,nose alar defects are repaired successfully.Some cases were performed second surgery,postoperative,nose alar color,thickness,nostril size and shape the same with the contralateral side.Donor site healed with linear scar.Conclusions This method could be easy to obtain excess skin,for repairing large sides nose alar full-thickness defect.Frontal scar is not obvious,It is a practical.
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Objective@#To determine the personal dose level of radiation workers in medical institutions at the municipal level and below in a city, and to provide a scientific support for strengthening the radiation protection in the city’s medical institutions.@*Methods@#Information of the successful applicants for the "Radiation Worker Permit" from 174 medical institutions at the municipal level and below was collected from October 1, 2011 to December 31, 2014. The annual effective dose was calculated based on the personal dose monitoring report, and indicators including sex, permit application time, hospital level, type of occupational radiation, length of radiation work, blood test, and micronucleated lymphocyte rate were analyzed.@*Results@#Of the 1 143 radiation worker permit applications submitted by medical institutions the municipal level and below in this city from 2011 to 2014, 1 123 provided at least one personal dose monitoring report. The annual effective dose of the radiation workers was 0-4.76 mSv (mean 0.31±0.40 mSv) , and the collective annual effective dose was 351.96 mSv. The annual effective dose was significantly different between radiation workers with different times of permit application, hospital levels, and types of occupational radiation (P<0.05) . Interventional radiology workers had the highest annual effective dose (0.63 mSv) , and annual effective dose was significantly different between interventional radiology workers with different lengths of radiation work (H=10.812, P<0.05) .@*Conclusion@#The personal radiation dose of radiation workers in medical institutions at the municipal level and below in this city is maintained at a relatively low level, suggesting that the occupational environment is relatively safe for these workers. However, more focus should be placed on clinical interventional radiology workers.
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Objective@#To observe the effect of nerve growth factor (NGF) and Mecobalamin on chronic peripheral neuropathy in rats induced by 1-bromopropane.@*Methods@#36 male SD rats were exposed to 1-bromopropane vapor at concentrations of 4 000 mg/m3, 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 12 weeks. The rats were randomed divided into 4 groups, and treated by Mecobalamin for 300 μg/kg qd, NGF for 40 μg/kg qd, Mecobalamin+NGF with the dose as mentioned above, respecively. The control group were fed in normal condition. The changes of Sciatic nerve conduction velocity (NCV) , electromyography (EMG) and pathology were observed 30 days later.@*Results@#The nerve conduction velocity were decreased in all the rats. Compared with the control group, the motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV) was improved in group Mecobalamin and group Mecobalamin+NGF, The difference was statistically significant, as the sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) was improved only in group Mecobalamin+NGF. Sciatic nerve biopsy observed by electron microscope showed that myelinated nerve fibers were obvious swelling, lamellar separation, partial myelin vacuolization, and axonal degeneration. After treatment with exogenous nerve growth factor, the number and severity of damaged nerve fibers were restored.@*Conclusion@#Exogenous nerve growth factor contributes to the recovery of peripheral nerve damage induced by 1-bromopropane.
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Objective By comparing and analyzing the etiological monitoring results of influenza in Xicheng District general hos-pital and children′s Hospital ,to explore the epidemic regularity of influenza in children ,so as to provide the basis for developing in-fluenza prevention and control measures .Methods A total of 40 swabs of influenza samples were collected every week from two sentinel hospitals ,and the virus RNA was extracted and detected by RT-PCR method .Results There was a statistically significant difference in positive rate of influenza pathogen surveillance between general hospitals and children′s hospitals (21 .8% vs .14 .9% ) (P<0 .001) .In the general hospital ,the positive rate was highest in people aged ≥60 years old(31 .3% ) .In the children′s hospital , the positive rate was highest in people aged >4—14 years old(26 .7% ) .Both hospitals had an epidemic peak of influenza from No-vember to December of next year ,it was typical influenza epidemic of the North area .But the children′s hospital had a epidemic trough in January and February .In both hospitals ,the circulating strains were H3 ,H1N1 ,type B ,the predominant type was H3 and type B .Conclusion Taking the general hospital as a reference ,the quality of influenza surveillance in the children′s hospital was relatively stable and reliable .Lack of the people aged >24— <60 years old and aged ≥60 years old in children′s hospital ,is the key reason of the statistically significant difference of the positive rate ,between the general hospital and the children′s hospital .Chil-dren′s influenza vaccination rate is higher than the other age group ,and the protective effect of vaccine is better .